Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Germanic *gnaganą

→ English gnaw (inherited)
→ English gnag (derived)
→ German nagen (inherited)
→ Middle Dutch cnagen (inherited)
→ Middle English gnawen (inherited)
→ Old Swedish gnagha (inherited)
→ Dutch knagen (inherited)
→ Swedish gnaga (inherited)