Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
German
nagen
←
English
nag
(cognate)
←
English
gnaw
(mention)
←
Proto-Germanic
*gnaganą
(inherited)
←
Middle High German
nagen
(inherited)
←
Old High German
nagan
(inherited)
←
Old High German
gnagan
(mention)
→
English
gnaw
(cognate)
→
German
Nagetier
(affix)
→
German
Nager
(affix)
→
German
zernagen
(prefix)
→
German
benagen
(prefix)