Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
English gnaw
Old English gnagan (inherited)
German nagen (cognate)
Middle English gnawen (inherited)
Middle English gnaȝen (mention)
Proto-Germanic *gnaganą (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *gʰnēgʰ- (derived)
Norwegian Bokmål gnage (cognate)
Dutch knagen (cognate)
Norwegian Nynorsk gnaga (cognate)
Swedish gnaga (cognate)

English gnat (mention)
English nag (link)
English gnawer (affix)
English gnawing (affix)
English gnawable (suffix)
English gnag (cognate)
English begnaw (prefix)
English forgnaw (prefix)
English gnaweth (suffix)
English gnawest (suffix)
English outgnaw (prefix)
German nagen (mention)
Norwegian Nynorsk gnaga (cognate)