Persian شام

← Arabic شَام (borrowed)

← Persian شب (cognate)

← Sogdian (cognate)

→ Azerbaijani şam (borrowed)

→ Persian ناهار (mention)

→ Persian شامگاه (affix)

→ Hindi शाम (borrowed)

→ Northern Kurdish şîv (cognate)

→ Ottoman Turkish شام (borrowed)

→ Classical Syriac ܚܫܡܝܬܐ (cognate)

→ Tajik шом (cognate)