Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Spanish rubio
← Spanish roya (doublet)
← Spanish royo (mention)
← Spanish rúbeo (mention)
← Latin rubeus (inherited)

→ Spanish apio (mention)
→ Spanish roya (doublet)
→ Spanish enrubiar (affix)
→ Galician rubio (cognate)
→ Tagalog rubyo (borrowed)