Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Spanish
casta
←
Spanish
castizo
(link)
←
Proto-Germanic
*kastuz
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*kastōną
(cognate)
←
Gothic
*𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃
(cognate)
←
Latin
castus
(derived)
→
English
caste
(borrowed)
→
English
casta
(borrowed)
→
German
Kaste
(derived)
→
Spanish
castizo
(suffix)
→
Italian
casta
(borrowed)
→
Polish
kasta
(derived)