Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Germanic
*kastuz
→
English
caste
(mention)
→
Spanish
casta
(cognate)
→
Galician
caste
(derived)
→
Galician
casta
(derived)
→
Indonesian
kasta
(mention)
→
Old Norse
kǫstr
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
casta
(mention)