Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
shahanshah
←
Persian
شاهنشاه
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*tek-
(root)
←
Middle Persian
𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠𐭭 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠
(derived)
→
English
shah
(link)