Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
penultimate
←
Proto-Indo-European
*peh₁-
(root)
←
Latin
paenultimus
(borrowed)
←
Latin
paene
(mention)
←
Latin
ultimus
(mention)
→
English
penult
(clipping)
→
English
penultimately
(suffix)
→
English
propenultimate
(prefix)
→
English
peninitial
(blend)
→
Italian
-eo
(link)