Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
giaour
←
English
Gheber
(doublet)
←
Persian
گاور
(derived)
←
Persian
گبر
(mention)
←
Ottoman Turkish
كاور
(borrowed)
→
Italian
giaurro
(borrowed)