English chapman

← Old English ċēapmann (inherited)

← German Kaufmann (cognate)

← English cheap (affix)

← English man (affix)

← Middle English chapman (inherited)

← Middle English chepman (mention)

← West Frisian keapman (cognate)

← Proto-Germanic *kaupamann- (inherited)

← Proto-West Germanic *kaupamann (inherited)

← German Low German Koopmann (cognate)

← Dutch koopman (cognate)

← Swedish köpman (cognate)

→ English cheap (mention)

→ English chap (mention)

→ English copeman (mention)

→ Danish købmand (cognate)

→ Icelandic kaupmaður (cognate)