Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
cavern
←
Middle English
caverne
(inherited)
←
Old French
caverne
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ḱewh₁-
(root)
←
Latin
caverna
(derived)
←
Latin
cavus
(mention)
→
English
cavernous
(suffix)
→
English
cavernicolous
(suffix)
→
English
cavernlike
(suffix)
→
English
caverned
(suffix)
→
English
incaverned
(confix)
→
English
cavernoma
(suffix)
→
English
mesocavern
(prefix)
→
Esperanto
kaverno
(borrowed)
→
Spanish
caverna
(cognate)
→
Latin
syringes
(link)