Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
English ascertain
Middle English acerteynen (inherited)
Spanish acertar (cognate)
Old French acertener (derived)
Old French a- (mention)
Old French certener (mention)
Old French certain (mention)
Proto-Indo-European *krey- (root)
Latin certus (derived)

English ascertainable (suffix)
English ascertainment (suffix)
English ascertainer (suffix)
English ascertaineth (suffix)
English ascertainest (suffix)
English reascertain (prefix)
English preascertain (prefix)
Spanish acertar (cognate)
Portuguese acertar (cognate)