Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Sinbad
←
Arabic
سِنْدِبَاد
(borrowed)
←
Arabic
هِنْدِبَاد
(cognate)
←
Persian
سندباد
(cognate)
←
Persian
سند
(affix)
←
Persian
باد
(affix)
←
Sanskrit
सिद्धपथ
(derived)
→
English
Sinbadian
(suffix)