Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
English
Caligula
←
Latin
Caligula
(borrowed)
←
Latin
caliga
(affix)
←
Latin
-ula
(affix)
→
English
Caligulan
(suffix)
→
English
Caligulism
(suffix)