Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Danish
kastel
←
Latin
castellum
(derived)
←
Latin
castrum
(mention)
→
English
castle
(cognate)
→
Danish
luftkastel
(compound)