Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
merda
←
Spanish
mierda
(cognate)
←
French
merde
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*smerd-h₂-
(derived)
←
Proto-Italic
*(s)merdā
(inherited)
←
Latin
merda
(inherited)
←
Occitan
mèrda
(cognate)
→
Catalan
merder
(affix)
→
Catalan
merdós
(suffix)