Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
jutge
←
Spanish
juez
(cognate)
←
French
juge
(cognate)
←
Latin
iudicem
(inherited)
←
Latin
iūdex
(mention)
←
Occitan
jutge
(cognate)
→
Catalan
jutgessa
(suffix)