Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
espanyol
←
Latin
hispānus
(derived)
←
Latin
Hispania
(mention)
←
Old Occitan
espaignol
(derived)
→
Catalan
antiespanyol
(affix)
→
Catalan
espanyolitzar
(suffix)
→
Catalan
espanyolista
(suffix)
→
Catalan
espanyolisme
(suffix)
→
Catalan
catanyol
(blend)
→
Spanish
español
(cognate)