Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Catalan
càncer
←
Catalan
cranc
(doublet)
←
Ancient Greek
καρκίνος
(derived)
←
Latin
cancer
(borrowed)
→
Catalan
cranc
(doublet)
→
Catalan
cancerós
(affix)