Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Turkic *kaŕ-

→ English Cossack (derived)
→ Arabic قزم (derived)
→ Azerbaijani qazmaq (inherited)
→ Old East Slavic козакъ (derived)
→ Russian казах (derived)
→ Turkish kazan (derived)
→ Turkish kazmak (inherited)