Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Turkic *badrak

→ Bashkir байраҡ (derived)
→ Chechen байракх (derived)
→ Kazakh байрақ (derived)
→ Ottoman Turkish بیراق (derived)
→ Turkmen baýdak (derived)
→ Turkish bayrak (inherited)
→ Uyghur بايراق (derived)