Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Turkish sakal
Ottoman Turkish صقال (inherited)
Ottoman Turkish سقال (mention)
Old Turkic (derived)
Proto-Turkic *sakal (derived)

Azerbaijani saqqal (cognate)
Bashkir һаҡал (cognate)
Chuvash сухал (cognate)
Hungarian szakáll (cognate)
Mongolian сахал (cognate)
Turkmen sakgal (cognate)
Turkish sakallı (affix)
Turkish sakalsız (affix)