Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Tagalog
tigas
←
Cebuano
tugas
(cognate)
←
Ibanag
nategga
(cognate)
←
Indonesian
teras
(cognate)
←
Malay
teras
(cognate)
←
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
*təʀas
(inherited)
→
Tagalog
matigas
(prefix)
→
Tagalog
astig
(mention)