Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Tagalog
matigas
←
Binukid
mategas
(cognate)
←
Gaddang
mateggat
(cognate)
←
Malagasy
mateza
(cognate)
←
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
*matəʀas
(inherited)
←
Tagalog
ma
(prefix)
←
Tagalog
tigas
(prefix)
→
Tetum
toos
(cognate)