Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Swedish
tvenne
←
Proto-Germanic
*twinaz
(derived)
←
Old Swedish
tvænne
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dwóh₁
(derived)
←
Old Norse
tvinnr
(inherited)
→
English
twain
(cognate)
→
Swedish
två
(link)