Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Swedish svår
German schwer (cognate)
Proto-Germanic *swēraz (derived)
Old Swedish svar (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *swer- (derived)
Old Norse svárr (derived)

English swear (cognate)
Old English swær (cognate)
Danish svar (cognate)
Danish svær (cognate)
Swedish svårmod (compound)
Swedish försvåra (affix)