Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Old Irish gúal

→ English coal (cognate)
→ Irish gual (inherited)
→ Irish gualach (mention)
→ Irish fioghual (mention)
→ Irish gualda (affix)
→ Scottish Gaelic gual (inherited)
→ Manx geayl (inherited)
→ Old Irish gúalda (affix)