Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Sardinian
rubiu
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₁rewdʰ-
(root)
←
Latin
rubeus
(inherited)
←
Latin
rubeō
(mention)
→
Italian
Rubiu
(derived)