Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Sanskrit
चोल
→
Persian
جل
(cognate)
→
Hindi
चोल
(derived)
→
Ashokan Prakrit
𑀘𑁄𑀟
(cognate)