Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Sanskrit अरुष
← Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬱𐬀 (cognate)
← Proto-Indo-Iranian *Harušás (inherited)
← Ossetian урс (cognate)

→ Persian الوس (cognate)
→ Hindi आरुष (learned borrowing)
→ Albanian all (cognate)
→ Old Armenian երկաթ (mention)
→ Old Armenian արշալուրշ (cognate)