Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Russian
хан
←
Chagatai
خان
(borrowed)
←
Mongolian
хаан
(cognate)
←
Russian
кага́н
(doublet)
→
Russian
ханство
(suffix)
→
Russian
каган
(doublet)