Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Romani
gav
←
Hindi
गांव
(cognate)
←
Ashokan Prakrit
𑀕𑀸𑀫
(inherited)
←
Sauraseni Prakrit
𑀕𑀸𑀫
(inherited)
←
Sanskrit
ग्राम
(inherited)
→
English
gaff
(derived)
→
German
Kaff
(borrowed)