Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Portuguese
irmão
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ǵénh₁mn̥
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ǵenh₁-
(mention)
←
Latin
germānus
(inherited)
←
Latin
germen
(mention)
←
Old Spanish
ermano
(cognate)
←
Old Leonese
ermano
(cognate)
→
Galician
irmán
(inherited)
→
Old Leonese
ermano
(cognate)