Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Portuguese
cançon
←
Old French
chançon
(cognate)
←
Latin
cantiō
(inherited)
←
Old Spanish
cançon
(cognate)
←
Old Occitan
canczon
(derived)
←
Old Occitan
cançon
(mention)
→
Galician
canción
(mention)
→
Portuguese
canção
(inherited)