Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Romanian
staroste
←
Polish
starosta
(cognate)
←
Russian
староста
(cognate)
←
Proto-Slavic
*starostь
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Slavic
*starъ
(mention)