Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
verão
←
Spanish
verano
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*wésr̥
(inherited)
←
Proto-Italic
*wezor
(inherited)
←
Latin
vēr
(inherited)
←
Latin
*veror
(mention)
←
Portuguese
ver
(mention)
←
Romanian
vară
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
verão
(inherited)
→
Spanish
verano
(cognate)
→
Galician
verán
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
veranico
(affix)
→
Romanian
vară
(cognate)