Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese vencer
Proto-Indo-European *wi-n-k- (derived)
Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (mention)
Proto-Italic *winkō (inherited)
Latin vincere (inherited)
Latin vincō (mention)
Old Portuguese vencer (inherited)

Portuguese vencido (mention)
Portuguese vencedor (suffix)
Portuguese vencimento (suffix)
Portuguese vencível (affix)