Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
vagina
←
Latin
vāgīna
(learned borrowing)
←
Portuguese
bainha
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
bainha
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
vagem
(mention)