Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
trato
←
Spanish
tracto
(cognate)
←
Latin
tractus
(learned borrowing)
←
Portuguese
tratar
(back-formation)
←
Portuguese
maus tratos
(link)
←
Portuguese
treito
(doublet)