Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
ruína
←
Latin
ruīna
(inherited)
←
Latin
ruō
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
ruyna
(inherited)
→
Galician
ruína
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
ruim
(mention)
→
Portuguese
arruinar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
ruinoso
(suffix)