Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
romano
←
Latin
rōmānus
(borrowed)
←
Latin
Rōma
(mention)
←
Portuguese
Roma
(affix)
←
Portuguese
-ano
(affix)
←
Old Portuguese
romão
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
romeno
(mention)
→
Portuguese
romanizar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
romanamente
(affix)