Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese palha
Proto-Indo-European *pel- (derived)
Latin palea (inherited)
Old Portuguese palla (inherited)

Galician palla (cognate)
Guinea-Bissau Creole padja (derived)
Portuguese palhaço (mention)
Portuguese palhaço (affix)
Portuguese espalhar (confix)
Portuguese empalhar (affix)
Portuguese palheiro (suffix)