Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
palha
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pel-
(derived)
←
Latin
palea
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
palla
(inherited)
→
Galician
palla
(cognate)
→
Guinea-Bissau Creole
padja
(derived)
→
Portuguese
palhaço
(mention)
→
Portuguese
palhaço
(affix)
→
Portuguese
espalhar
(confix)
→
Portuguese
empalhar
(affix)
→
Portuguese
palheiro
(suffix)