Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese
Spanish polvo (cognate)
Galician po (cognate)
Proto-Indo-European *pel- (derived)
Latin *pulvus (mention)
Latin pulvis (inherited)
Old Portuguese poo (inherited)

Catalan pols (cognate)
Galician po (cognate)
Guinea-Bissau Creole po (derived)
Portuguese poeira (mention)
Portuguese pulverizar (mention)
Portuguese espojar (mention)
Portuguese antipó (affix)