Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
po
←
Spanish
polvo
(cognate)
←
Galician
polvo
(doublet)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pel-
(derived)
←
Latin
*pulvus
(mention)
←
Latin
pulvis
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
pó
(cognate)
←
Old Portuguese
poo
(inherited)
→
Galician
poalla
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
pó
(cognate)