Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
linguagem
←
Latin
lingua
(derived)
←
Old Occitan
lenguatge
(borrowed)
←
Old Portuguese
lenguage
(inherited)
→
Galician
linguaxe
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
linguajar
(affix)