Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
jejum
←
Spanish
ayuno
(cognate)
←
French
jeûne
(cognate)
←
Galician
xaxún
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*Hyeh₂ǵ-yu-
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*Hyeh₂ǵ-ye/o-
(mention)
←
Proto-Italic
*jagjūnos
(inherited)
←
Latin
iēiūnium
(inherited)
←
Latin
iēiūnus
(mention)
←
Portuguese
jejuno
(doublet)
←
Old Portuguese
jajũu
(inherited)
→
Galician
xaxún
(cognate)
→
Kabuverdianu
djudjum
(inherited)
→
Portuguese
desjejum
(mention)
→
Portuguese
jejuno
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
desjejuar
(prefix)