Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
inverno
←
Proto-Indo-European
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*ǵʰey-
(derived)
←
Latin
hībernum
(derived)
←
Latin
tempus
(mention)
←
Latin
hībernus
(mention)
←
Latin
hiems
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
inverno
(inherited)
→
Spanish
invierno
(cognate)