Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
freio
←
Proto-Indo-European
*dʰer-
(derived)
←
Latin
frēnum
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
frẽo
(inherited)
→
Galician
freo
(cognate)
→
Ido
freno
(borrowed)
→
Portuguese
frear
(mention)