Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
fidalgo
←
Spanish
hidalgo
(cognate)
←
Old Spanish
fidalgo
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
fidalgo
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
fillo
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
de
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
algo
(mention)
→
English
fidalgo
(mention)